Un millier de personnes ont manifesté samedi à Niamey contre la présence au Niger des bases militaires françaises et américaines, accusées d’inertie face aux attaques jihadistes meurtrières.
Au rythme de musiques locales dédiées à l’armée nigérienne, les protestataires ont sillonné les rues aux cris de: « Vive le Niger, vive l’armée nigérienne » avant de tenir un meeting devant le parlement.
« À bas les bases militaires étrangères », « À bas l’armée française », « À bas l’armée américaine », « À bas les jihadistes et Boko Haram », ont scandé les manifestants, essentiellement des étudiants, des lycéens et des collégiens, qui répondaient à l’appel du l’Union des scolaires nigériens (USN), leur syndicat.
Sur des pancartes on pouvait aussi lire: « Non à la sous-traitance de notre souveraineté nationale », « Notre territoire est indépendant depuis le 3 août 1960 ».
« Nous ne voyons pas la plus-value de la présence de ces bases militaires étrangères parce que chaque jour que dieu fait, notre pays est victime d’attaques », a déclaré Idder Algabid, le dirigeant de l’USN. Ces attaques pourraient être évitées si toutefois il y avait « une franche collaboration et un soutien extérieur » des armées étrangères.
La manifestation « autorisée par la mairie de Niamey », selon lui, vise « à soutenir nos Forces de défense et de sécurité (FDS) victimes d’attaques répétées, enregistrant des morts et des blessés ».
Le dirigeant estudiantin a « exigé du gouvernement la dotation en moyens suffisants et adéquats des FDS afin de garantir la sécurité du pays et sa souveraineté nationale ».
Vendredi, il avait demandé « le départ pur et simple de ces bases militaires qui ne sont ici que pour obstruer notre souveraineté nationale ».
Le 17 mai, le groupe État islamique a revendiqué une attaque perpétrée dans l’Ouest, ayant tué 28 soldats et un assaut – infructueux – contre une prison de haute sécurité proche de la capitale, où sont détenus de nombreux jihadistes.
Coopération renforcée
Niamey, qui combat aussi le groupe jihadiste nigérian Boko Haram dans le Sud, a toujours justifié la présence des forces américaines et françaises sur son sol par la nécessité de « sécuriser les frontières » contre des infiltrations de groupes jihadistes venant du Mali voisin.
« Sans les renseignements que nous donnent les pays comme la France, nous sommes un peu aveugles », avait affirmé en 2014 le président nigérien Mahamadou Issoufou.
« Les terroristes tentent de reprendre pied au Niger, ce que nous n’accepterons pas. Nous nous battrons pour qu?ils ne s’installent pas au Niger », a déclaré la semaine passée le ministre nigérien de la Défense, Kalla Moutari.
Vendredi, Kalla Moutari a visité la base aérienne de la force française Barkhane à Niamey. « (…) Nous avons parlé des moyens de renforcer cette coopération (militaire) opérationnelle » entre le Niger et la France, a commenté l’ambassadeur de France au Niger, Alexandre Garcia.
Au Niger, la France possède une base sur l’aéroport de Niamey à partir de laquelle des avions de chasse et des drones – non armés – opèrent. Dans le cadre de l’opération Barkhane, les forces françaises disposent aussi d’une base à Madama, dans le Nord.
Le Niger a également permis la construction d’une importante base américaine de drones à Agadez (nord), dont le coût est estimé à une centaine de millions de dollars, et qui donne aux Etats-Unis une plate-forme de surveillance de premier plan.
Le Niger a récemment autorisé les Américains à armer leur drones. L’Allemagne dispose d’une base logistique à Niamey pour ravitailler ses troupes engagées au Mali voisin.
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