Niamey, abritera les 27 et 28 mars, les réunions ministérielles des Ministres de la Zone Franc. Alors que la polémique enfle à travers le continent et au-delà sur l’utilisation même de la monnaie héritée de l’époque coloniale, à quoi faut-il s’attendre de cette rencontre dans la capitale nigérienne ?
A priori, pas d’illusions à se faire, il ne faut pas s’attendre à grande chose de ces assises. Aucune décision majeure ne sortira de cette réunion bi-annuel qui se tient alternativement entre Paris et une capitale de l’espace monétaire composée des pays membres de l’UEMOA, de la CEMAC ainsi que des Comores qui partagent le franc CFA comme monnaie commune.
Niamey accueille donc, la toute première réunion de l’année 2019 sur la situation économique, financière et monétaire des Etats membres. Ce sera en outre le baptême de feu pour le nouveau ministre des Finances du Niger, Mahamadou Diop, nommé le 31 janvier dernier, qui recevra ses pairs.
Pour les plus optimistes, cette réunion de Niamey devrait servir à poursuivre les débats sur la reforme de la monnaie commune. Il n’en sera rien. Il semble que la dernière sortie du Président ivoirien en février dernier a un peu calmé tout le monde. Sur le perron de l’Elysée, Alassane Ouattara défendait le FCFA le qualifiant de « monnaie solide » et ajoutant « je crois qu’il faut que ce débat cesse, les gens en parlent sans savoir de quoi il s’agit ». Son message est visiblement passé dans les capitales africaines.
Lors de ces deux jours de travaux dans la capitale nigérienne, il s’agira donc principalement, de faire le point sur l’état d’avancement des réformes engagées par les Etats membres de la Zone franc. Objectif, tourner le dos à la crise qui les frappe depuis la baisse des cours des matières premières en 2014. Si l’année 2019 s’annonce sous de bon augure avec des perspectives de croissance dans l’espace UEMOA de 6,8% contre 6,6% l’année dernière et de 3,2% contre 1,7% en 2018 dans l’espace CEMAC, une attention particulière sera portée sur les engagements pris par les Etats, de rehausser leurs recettes fiscales avec l’objectif toujours maintenu de 20% du PIB à l’horizon 2020, afin notamment de leur permettre de dégager des marges de manœuvre pour soutenir la croissance.
Les pays présents à Niamey, communiqueront également sur les mesures prises pour lutter plus efficacement contre le blanchiment de capitaux, l’évasion fiscale et le financement du terrorisme. Globalement, cette énième réunion des ministres de la zone Franc, ne sera en rien différente des précédentes. Des engagements et des résolutions seront prises. Ceux qui souhaitent un débat sur le FCFA devront encore attendre.
Waliyullah.T. pour Niameyinfo.
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