“L’escalade de la violence” provoquée par les actions de groupes jihadistes présumés engendre depuis le début de l’année de nouveaux flux de déplacés dans la région de Tillabéri (ouest du Niger), frontalière de Burkina Faso et du Mali, a alerté mardi l’ONU.
“Les mouvements forcés de population se sont intensifiés au cours des cinq premiers mois de l’année 2022, à cause de l’escalade de la violence des groupes armés non étatiques (Gane) qui attaquent les civils et les forces de sécurité”, indique un rapport du Bureau des affaires humanitaires de l’ONU (Ocha) transmis à l’AFP.
De janvier à avril 2022, le nombre d'”incidents sécuritaires” a été de 136, contre 93 par rapport à la même période en 2021, selon Ocha.
Quarante-trois civils ont été tués et vingt-deux autres enlevés entre le 1er et le 19 mai dans les départements de Torodi, Téra et Gothèye, qui enregistrent une recrudescence des attaques jihadistes, relève l’agence de l’ONU.
Depuis avril, 34.746 personnes vivant dans des zones frontalières avec le Burkina Faso et le Mali “ont été forcées de se déplacer pour s’installer dans des endroits plus sécurisés”, ajoute-t-elle.
Ocha rappelle qu’un “point culminant” avait déjà été atteint au “dernier trimestre 2021”: assassinats de civils et de militaires, enlèvements, vols de bétail, destructions de greniers à céréales, sabotage des systèmes de communication, destruction de boutiques et d’agences de transfert d’argent.
Les déplacements “forcés des populations” sont également accentués par “des menaces et intimidations” contre les fonctionnaires, élus, enseignants et chefs traditionnels, poursuit Ocha.
La peur des attaques aux IED (engins explosifs improvisés), de plus en plus fréquentes, ont en outre “réduit” les mouvements des humanitaires qui ont “suspendu” leur interventions dans certaines zones.
La vaste région enclavée de Tillabéri, située dans la zone dite “des trois frontières” entre Niger, Burkina Faso et Mali, est le théâtre depuis 2017 des actions sanglantes de mouvements jihadistes liés à Al-Qaïda et au groupe État islamique (EI).
Selon l’ONU, douze de ses treize départements “sont impactés” par les actions des “groupes armés très actifs”.
De janvier à décembre 2021, 318 incidents sécuritaires y ont coûté la vie à 645 civils, “soit une augmentation de plus de 200%” comparativement à l’année 2020 où 145 civils avaient été tués dans 265 incidents et 45 autres “portés disparus”.
Face à l’affux de nouveaux déplacés, les aides de l’Etat et des ONG restent insuffisantes, selon les organisations humanitaires.
Le Niger, l’un des pays les plus pauvres au monde, abrite 250.000 déplacés et plus de 264.000 réfugiés nigérians et maliens, auxquels s’ajoutent plus de 13.000 Burkinabès fuyant les atrocités des jihadistes, selon l’ONU.
Ces violences y ont entraîné la fermeture de 800 écoles accueillant plus de 69.400 élèves.
Cette année, le Niger est en outre frappé par une grave crise alimentaire en raison de la sécheresse et des violences jihadistes qui ont empêché les paysans de cultiver leurs champs.
Sources : AFP.
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