L’Institut National de la Statistique (INS) a présenté, ce jeudi 28 octobre 2021, les principaux résultats préliminaires de l’Enquête Nationale sur la Fécondité et la Moralité des Enfants de moins de cinq (5) ans (ENAFEME), initiée à la demande du Gouvernement du Niger.
Cette présentation s’est faite lors d’un café statistique organisé à l’hôtel Bravia de Niamey, en présence des plusieurs invités.
L’objectif principal de cette enquête est de permettre de déterminer le niveau réel et actuel de la fécondité et de la mortalité des enfants de moins de cinq (5) ans et leurs causes profondes au Niger, notamment les facteurs directs et indirects qui expliquent les niveaux actuels et les tendances de ces phénomènes démographiques.
Il ressort de ces principaux résultats préliminaires de l’ENAFEME Niger 2021 que le Niger a amorcé sa transition démographique et ces résultats révèlent une forte baisse de la fécondité en 2021.
Après les mots de bienvenue du Directeur Général de l’INS, M. Alichina Kourgeni, c’est M. Haro Souleymane de la direction de la statistique et des études démographiques et sociales de l’INS qui a présenté ces résultats.
Ainsi, I’Indice Synthétique de Fécondité (ISF), qui mesure le nombre moyen d’enfants qu’une femme a au cours de sa vie génésique, est passé de 7,4 en 1992 à 6,2 en 2021, en étant resté stable pendant près de 30 ans, notamment à 7,5 en 1998, 7,1 en 2006, et 7,6 en 2012.
Il ressort alors une très grande avancée réalisée par le Niger, qu’il convient de souligner.
Cette importante baisse révèle les immenses efforts et les impacts positifs des politiques économiques, des plans et programmes de développement élaborés et mis en œuvre ces 10 dernières années par le Gouvernement, avec l’assistance de ses Partenaires au développement, notamment les nombreux investissements réalisés particulièrement dans les secteurs sociaux essentiels de base.
En outre, ces résultats préliminaires de l’ENAFEME Niger 2021 montrent une baisse continue de la mortalité des enfants de moins de cinq (5) ans.
Ainsi, celle des enfants âgés de 0 à 5 ans est passée de 127‰ en 2012 à 123 ‰ en 2021 ; celle des enfants âgés de 1 à 4 ans a, elle aussi, baissé,!passant de 81‰ en 2012 à 55‰ en 2021.
Il faut cependant relever que la mortalité infantile, celle des enfants de moins d’un (1) an, après avoir fortement baissé entre 1992 et 2012, a connu une hausse entre 2012 et 2021. Elle est passée de 51‰ en 2012 à 73 ‰ en 2021.
Pour les soins prénatals, en 2021, presque quatre (4) femmes sur dix (10), soit 37%, ont effectué au moins les quatre (4) visites prénatales recommandées.
Enfin, il ressort également des résultats de cette enquête une nette amélioration des conditions d’accouchement avec 29,3 % des naissances assistées par un prestataire formé en 2012 contre 44% en 2021.
Le café statistique, note-t-on, est un lieu d’échanges, de discussions et de partage des expériences, des leçons vécues entre producteurs des données statistiques publiques produites par le Système Statistique National (SSN) et les principaux utilisateurs de leurs données.
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