Au Niger, saison pluvieuse rime avec décompte macabre et bilan de sinistres multiformes. On en est à peine à quelques semaines de fortes pluviométries que les pertes sont déjà importantes dépassant largement celles de l’année précédente. 59 personnes ont déjà perdu la vie. Ces drames récurrents commencent sérieusement à agacer les spécialistes de l’urbanisme dans le pays. L’un d’eux, Boubacar Hassan Chetima, n’y est pas passé par quatre chemins pour désigner le responsable. Pour l’architecte-Urbaniste, l’incohérence de l’Etat dans sa politique d’urbanisation et son laisser-aller sont à pointer du doigt.
Selon les derniers chiffres en date du 24 août rendus publics par la Direction Générale de la Protection Civile (DGPC), les récentes inondations, ont coûté la vie à 59 personnes à la suite de noyade et d’effondrements de leurs habitations. Elles ont aussi fait 90.160 personnes sinistrées pour 10.705 ménages impactés sur toute l’étendue du territoire du Niger. Ces intempéries ont également fait 74 personnes blessées et causé l’effondrement de 9.633 maisons. Le pays déplore également la perte de 144 greniers, ce qui remonte la destruction des vivres à 13,875 tonnes. Par ailleurs, la DGPC note que 24 salles de classes sont démolies par les inondations, 12 boutiques et 359 mûrs se sont écroulés.
La question qui revient chaque année et que se pose nombre d’observateurs. Ne peut-on pas éviter ces drames à répétition ? Oui répond M. Boubacar Hassan Chetima. Architecte-Urbaniste de son état qui met en avant la responsabilité du Gouvernement. Ci-dessous, l’intégralité de son intervention relayée par DW.com.
Boubacar Hassan Chetima : En tant qu’acteurs du secteur, on est souvent impuissant puisque les avis qu’on donne généralement ne sont pas pris en compte et malheureusement de manière récurrente on assiste souvent au même son de désolation.
Selon vous, quelles sont les causes de ces inondations qui mettent beaucoup de personnes dans la douleur et dans la détresse ?
BHC: En réalité, c’est l’inadéquation ou la non existence des ouvrages d’assainissements qui ne permettent pas à la ville d’évacuer honnêtement les eaux de pluie. Il y a également le fait que beaucoup de populations qui se sont installées dans des zones non magistrales. C’est-à-dire des zones qui ne sont pas bon à consulter du fait justement de leur non-habitabilité.
Justement là où je vais en arriver, c’est qu’il n’y a pas de documents de planification qui permettent aujourd’hui d’interdire n’est-ce pas et mentionnent les ouvrages d’assainissements dans les zones où il faut éviter les réinstallations des réalisations.
Je voulais également attirer l’attention sur le fait que les lotissements qui sont fait aujourd’hui ne respectent pas les normes. Les lotissements quand ils sont faits normalement, il y’ a un cahier de charge qui est à l’appui et qui précise dans la plupart des cas qu’il faut entrer les réseaux d’assainissements, les réseaux d’évacuations des eaux de pluie et dans la plupart des cas, ces objections ne sont pas utilisées.
Selon vous, quelle est la solution disons la plus urgente aujourd’hui sur ce plan de l’urbanisme au niveau de Niamey et d’autres villes en fait, dans le pays ?
BHC: C’est juste disposer urgemment les chemins de planification notamment la partie assainissement. Tout ce dont on a besoin c’est un schéma directeur d’assainissement qui définisse par exemple quelles sont les voies principales sur lesquelles il faut urgemment tracer des posters sur lesquels viendront sauveté par exemple des caniveaux secondaires et tertiaires.
Il n’y a aucun collecteur à Niamey ?
BHC : S’il y’en a, et c’est justement un peu ça l’aberration. On assiste à la création des nouveaux caniveaux mais qui ne sont pas forcément liés à des collecteurs. Vous avez des collecteurs qui sont ensablés qui ne sont plus utilisés c’est parce qu’il n’y a pas une cohérence dont l’intervention de la diversité d’actuel qui est jusqu’aujourd’hui dans le paysage ouvert.
Waliyullah Tajudeen pour niameyinfo avec DW.com
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